Material selection principle of juice processing machine parts
In the process of designing and manufacturing juice processing machine parts, it is very important to select and use metal materials reasonably. It is necessary to consider whether the properties of materials can adapt to the working conditions of parts and make parts durable. The material is required to have better processing performance and economy, so as to improve the productivity of parts, reduce costs, reduce consumption and so on. Material selection should pay attention to the chemical and physical properties, mechanical properties and technological properties, such as density, modulus of elasticity, strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high and low temperature strength, welding performance, hardenability, heat treatment deformation, malleability, cutting performance, economy and so on. Material selection should be based on the product batch.
Material mechanical properties of juice processing machine parts
When designing parts and selecting materials, the main mechanical properties of the selected materials should be found according to the working conditions and damage forms of the parts, which is a prerequisite to ensure the durability of the parts. The actual stress conditions of the parts are complicated, and the short-term overload, poor lubrication and internal defects of the materials should be taken into account. Therefore, the mechanical performance index is often the main basis for material selection.
In engineering design, the mechanical properties of materials are usually measured by mechanical properties tests on samples. Although it can indicate the material performance, the test conditions are different from the actual working conditions of mechanical parts. Therefore, strictly speaking, the material mechanical properties data still can not accurately reflect the actual capacity of mechanical parts to bear load. At present, there are still some difficulties in using this method for production inspection. The most commonly used method of testing performance in production is testing hardness. Hardness testing can not destroy parts, and hardness is related to other mechanical properties. As a result, hardness is the main heat treatment technology in parts drawing.
Technological properties of materials
Most of the machines and equipment used in modern industry are assembled from metal parts, so the machining of metal parts is an important step in manufacturing machines. There are usually four basic processing methods for parts made of metallic materials: casting, pressure processing, welding and mechanical processing.
The technological properties of materials have a direct impact on the processing and production of parts. Several important technological properties are as follows.
- Casting properties: fluidity, shrinkage, segregation, gettering, etc.
- Forging properties: malleability, oxidation resistance, cold heading, cooling requirements after forging, etc.
- Machinability: smoothness, machinability, etc.
- Welding properties: the tendency to form cold cracking or hot cracking, and the tendency to form pores.
- Heat treatment process: hardenability, deformation cracking tendency, superheat sensitivity tendency, oxidation decarbonization tendency, cold brittleness, etc.
The steel parts on the machine usually have to be processed by forging, cutting and heat treatment. Therefore, we should pay attention to the technological properties of materials when selecting materials. In small batch production, the performance of the process does not stand out. In mass production, process performance can be a decisive factor. When designing parts, attention should also be paid to heat treatment process.
Generally speaking, carbon steel forging, cutting and other technical properties are better, its mechanical properties can meet the requirements of general parts working conditions. Therefore, carbon steel is widely used. But its strength is not high enough, and its hardenability is poor. Alloy steels are often used for making large cross section, complex shape and high strength quenching parts. Alloy steel has good hardenability and high strength. However, the forging and cutting processes of alloy steel are not very good. The technological properties of metal materials can be improved by changing technological specifications, adjusting technological parameters, improving tools and equipment, and changing heat treatment methods.
Material economy of juice processing machine parts
On the premise of satisfying the usage performance, we should also pay attention to reducing the total cost of parts when selecting parts materials. The total cost of the parts includes the price of the material itself and all other costs related to production.
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